1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
|
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sercomm.h>
#include <osmocore/linuxlist.h>
#include <osmocore/select.h>
#include <osmocore/talloc.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
//#include "version.h"
#define MODEM_BAUDRATE B115200
#define MAX_DNLOAD_SIZE 0xFFFF
#define MAX_HDR_SIZE 128
struct tool_server *tool_server_for_dlci[256];
/**
* a connection from some other tool
*/
struct tool_connection {
struct tool_server *server;
struct llist_head entry;
struct bsc_fd fd;
};
/**
* server for a tool
*/
struct tool_server {
struct bsc_fd bfd;
uint8_t dlci;
struct llist_head connections;
};
enum dnload_state {
WAITING_PROMPT1,
WAITING_PROMPT2,
DOWNLOADING,
};
enum dnload_mode {
MODE_C123,
MODE_C123xor,
MODE_C155,
};
struct dnload {
enum dnload_state state;
enum dnload_mode mode;
struct bsc_fd serial_fd;
char *filename;
int print_hdlc;
/* data to be downloaded */
uint8_t *data;
int data_len;
uint8_t *write_ptr;
struct tool_server layer2_server;
struct tool_server loader_server;
};
static struct dnload dnload;
static const uint8_t phone_prompt1[] = { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x01, 0x40 };
static const uint8_t dnload_cmd[] = { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x52, 0x01, 0x53 };
static const uint8_t phone_prompt2[] = { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x02, 0x43 };
static const uint8_t phone_ack[] = { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x03, 0x42 };
static const uint8_t phone_nack_magic[]= { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x03, 0x57 };
static const uint8_t phone_nack[] = { 0x1b, 0xf6, 0x02, 0x00, 0x45, 0x53, 0x16 };
static const uint8_t ftmtool[] = { "ftmtool" };
/* The C123 has a hard-coded check inside the ramloder that requires the following
* bytes to be always the first four bytes of the image */
static const uint8_t data_hdr_c123[] = { 0xee, 0x4c, 0x9f, 0x63 };
/* The C155 doesn't have some strange restriction on what the first four bytes have
* to be, but it starts the ramloader in THUMB mode. We use the following four bytes
* to switch back to ARM mode:
800100: 4778 bx pc
800102: 46c0 nop ; (mov r8, r8)
*/
static const uint8_t data_hdr_c155[] = { 0x78, 0x47, 0xc0, 0x46 };
static const uint8_t dummy_data[] = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x9a, 0xbc, 0xde };
static int serial_init(const char *serial_dev)
{
struct termios options;
int fd, v24;
fd = open(serial_dev, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
if (fd < 0)
return fd;
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0);
/* Configure serial interface */
tcgetattr(fd, &options);
cfsetispeed(&options, MODEM_BAUDRATE);
cfsetospeed(&options, MODEM_BAUDRATE);
/* local read */
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
options.c_cflag |= CS8;
/* hardware flow control off */
options.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
/* software flow control off */
options.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY);
/* we want raw i/o */
options.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);
options.c_iflag &= ~(INLCR | ICRNL | IGNCR);
options.c_oflag &= ~(ONLCR);
options.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
options.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
options.c_cc[VINTR] = 0;
options.c_cc[VQUIT] = 0;
options.c_cc[VSTART] = 0;
options.c_cc[VSTOP] = 0;
options.c_cc[VSUSP] = 0;
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);
/* set ready to read/write */
v24 = TIOCM_DTR | TIOCM_RTS;
ioctl(fd, TIOCMBIS, &v24);
return fd;
}
/* Read the to-be-downloaded file, prepend header and length, append XOR sum */
int read_file(const char *filename)
{
int fd, rc, i;
struct stat st;
const uint8_t *hdr = NULL;
int hdr_len = 0;
uint8_t *file_data;
uint16_t tot_len;
uint8_t nibble;
uint8_t running_xor = 0x02;
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("opening file");
exit(1);
}
rc = fstat(fd, &st);
if (st.st_size > MAX_DNLOAD_SIZE) {
fprintf(stderr, "The maximum file size is 64kBytes (%u bytes)\n",
MAX_DNLOAD_SIZE);
return -EFBIG;
}
if (dnload.data) {
free(dnload.data);
dnload.data = NULL;
}
dnload.data = malloc(MAX_HDR_SIZE + st.st_size);
if (!dnload.data) {
close(fd);
fprintf(stderr, "No memory\n");
return -ENOMEM;
}
/* copy in the header, if any */
switch (dnload.mode) {
case MODE_C155:
hdr = data_hdr_c155;
hdr_len = sizeof(data_hdr_c155);
break;
case MODE_C123:
case MODE_C123xor:
hdr = data_hdr_c123;
hdr_len = sizeof(data_hdr_c123);
break;
default:
break;
}
if (hdr && hdr_len)
memcpy(dnload.data, hdr, hdr_len);
/* 2 bytes for length + header */
file_data = dnload.data + 2 + hdr_len;
/* write the length, keep running XOR */
tot_len = hdr_len + st.st_size;
nibble = tot_len >> 8;
dnload.data[0] = nibble;
running_xor ^= nibble;
nibble = tot_len & 0xff;
dnload.data[1] = nibble;
running_xor ^= nibble;
if (hdr_len && hdr) {
memcpy(dnload.data+2, hdr, hdr_len);
for (i = 0; i < hdr_len; i++)
running_xor ^= hdr[i];
}
rc = read(fd, file_data, st.st_size);
if (rc < 0) {
perror("error reading file\n");
free(dnload.data);
dnload.data = NULL;
close(fd);
return -EIO;
}
if (rc < st.st_size) {
free(dnload.data);
dnload.data = NULL;
close(fd);
fprintf(stderr, "Short read of file (%d < %d)\n",
rc, (int)st.st_size);
return -EIO;
}
close(fd);
dnload.data_len = (file_data+st.st_size) - dnload.data;
/* calculate XOR sum */
for (i = 0; i < st.st_size; i++)
running_xor ^= file_data[i];
dnload.data[dnload.data_len++] = running_xor;
/* initialize write pointer to start of data */
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
printf("read_file(%s): file_size=%u, hdr_len=%u, dnload_len=%u\n",
filename, (int)st.st_size, hdr_len, dnload.data_len);
return 0;
}
static void hexdump(const uint8_t *data, unsigned int len)
{
const uint8_t *bufptr = data;
int n;
for (n=0; n < len; n++, bufptr++)
printf("%02x ", *bufptr);
printf("\n");
}
#define WRITE_BLOCK 4096
static int handle_write_dnload(void)
{
int bytes_left, write_len, rc;
printf("handle_write(): ");
if (dnload.write_ptr == dnload.data) {
/* no bytes have been transferred yet */
if (dnload.mode == MODE_C155 ||
dnload.mode == MODE_C123xor) {
uint8_t xor_init = 0x02;
write(dnload.serial_fd.fd, &xor_init, 1);
} else
usleep(1);
} else if (dnload.write_ptr >= dnload.data + dnload.data_len) {
printf("finished\n");
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
dnload.serial_fd.when &= ~BSC_FD_WRITE;
return 1;
}
/* try to write a maximum of WRITE_BLOCK bytes */
bytes_left = (dnload.data + dnload.data_len) - dnload.write_ptr;
write_len = WRITE_BLOCK;
if (bytes_left < WRITE_BLOCK)
write_len = bytes_left;
rc = write(dnload.serial_fd.fd, dnload.write_ptr, write_len);
if (rc < 0) {
perror("Error during write");
return rc;
}
dnload.write_ptr += rc;
printf("%u bytes (%tu/%u)\n", rc, dnload.write_ptr - dnload.data, dnload.data_len);
return 0;
}
static int handle_write(void)
{
uint8_t c;
switch (dnload.state) {
case DOWNLOADING:
return handle_write_dnload();
default:
if (sercomm_drv_pull(&c) != 0) {
if (write(dnload.serial_fd.fd, &c, 1) != 1)
perror("short write");
} else
dnload.serial_fd.when &= ~BSC_FD_WRITE;
}
return 0;
}
static uint8_t buffer[sizeof(phone_prompt1)];
static uint8_t *bufptr = buffer;
static void hdlc_send_to_phone(uint8_t dlci, uint8_t *data, int len)
{
struct msgb *msg;
uint8_t c, *dest;
printf("hdlc_send_to_phone(dlci=%u): ", dlci);
hexdump(data, len);
if (len > 512) {
fprintf(stderr, "Too much data to send. %u\n", len);
return;
}
/* push the message into the stack */
msg = sercomm_alloc_msgb(512);
if (!msg) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create data for the frame.\n");
return;
}
/* copy the data */
dest = msgb_put(msg, len);
memcpy(dest, data, len);
sercomm_sendmsg(dlci, msg);
dnload.serial_fd.when |= BSC_FD_WRITE;
}
static void hdlc_console_cb(uint8_t dlci, struct msgb *msg)
{
write(1, msg->data, msg->len);
msgb_free(msg);
}
static void hdlc_tool_cb(uint8_t dlci, struct msgb *msg)
{
struct tool_server *srv = tool_server_for_dlci[dlci];
if(srv) {
struct tool_connection *con;
u_int16_t *len;
len = (u_int16_t *) msgb_push(msg, 2);
*len = htons(msg->len - sizeof(*len));
llist_for_each_entry(con, &srv->connections, entry) {
if (write(con->fd.fd, msg->data, msg->len) != msg->len) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write msg to the socket..\n");
continue;
}
}
}
msgb_free(msg);
}
static void print_hdlc(uint8_t *buffer, int length)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < length; ++i)
if (sercomm_drv_rx_char(buffer[i]) == 0)
printf("Dropping sample '%c'\n", buffer[i]);
}
static int handle_read(void)
{
int rc, nbytes, buf_left;
buf_left = sizeof(buffer) - (bufptr - buffer);
if (buf_left <= 0) {
memmove(buffer, buffer+1, sizeof(buffer)-1);
bufptr -= 1;
buf_left = 1;
}
nbytes = read(dnload.serial_fd.fd, bufptr, buf_left);
if (nbytes <= 0)
return nbytes;
if (!dnload.print_hdlc) {
printf("got %i bytes from modem, ", nbytes);
printf("data looks like: ");
hexdump(bufptr, nbytes);
} else {
print_hdlc(bufptr, nbytes);
}
if (!memcmp(buffer, phone_prompt1, sizeof(phone_prompt1))) {
printf("Received PROMPT1 from phone, responding with CMD\n");
dnload.print_hdlc = 0;
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT2;
rc = write(dnload.serial_fd.fd, dnload_cmd, sizeof(dnload_cmd));
/* re-read file */
rc = read_file(dnload.filename);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "read_file(%s) failed with %d\n", dnload.filename, rc);
exit(1);
}
} else if (!memcmp(buffer, phone_prompt2, sizeof(phone_prompt2))) {
printf("Received PROMPT2 from phone, starting download\n");
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ | BSC_FD_WRITE;
dnload.state = DOWNLOADING;
} else if (!memcmp(buffer, phone_ack, sizeof(phone_ack))) {
printf("Received DOWNLOAD ACK from phone, your code is running now!\n");
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT1;
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
dnload.print_hdlc = 1;
} else if (!memcmp(buffer, phone_nack, sizeof(phone_nack))) {
printf("Received DOWNLOAD NACK from phone, something went wrong :(\n");
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT1;
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
} else if (!memcmp(buffer, phone_nack_magic, sizeof(phone_nack_magic))) {
printf("Received MAGIC NACK from phone, you need to have \"1003\" at 0x803ce0\n");
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT1;
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
} else if (!memcmp(buffer, ftmtool, sizeof(ftmtool))) {
printf("Received FTMTOOL from phone, ramloader has aborted\n");
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT1;
dnload.write_ptr = dnload.data;
}
bufptr += nbytes;
return nbytes;
}
static int serial_read(struct bsc_fd *fd, unsigned int flags)
{
int rc;
if (flags & BSC_FD_READ) {
rc = handle_read();
if (rc == 0)
exit(2);
}
if (flags & BSC_FD_WRITE) {
rc = handle_write();
if (rc == 1)
dnload.state = WAITING_PROMPT1;
}
return 0;
}
static int parse_mode(const char *arg)
{
if (!strcasecmp(arg, "c123") ||
!strcasecmp(arg, "c140"))
return MODE_C123;
else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "c123xor"))
return MODE_C123xor;
else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "c155"))
return MODE_C155;
return -1;
}
static int usage(const char *name)
{
printf("\nUsage: %s [ -v | -h ] [ -p /dev/ttyXXXX ] [ -s /tmp/osmocom_l2 ] [ -l /tmp/osmocom_loader ] [ -m {c123,c123xor,c155} ] file.bin\n", name);
printf("\t* Open serial port /dev/ttyXXXX (connected to your phone)\n"
"\t* Perform handshaking with the ramloader in the phone\n"
"\t* Download file.bin to the attached phone (base address 0x00800100)\n");
exit(2);
}
static int version(const char *name)
{
//printf("\n%s version %s\n", name, VERSION);
exit(2);
}
static int un_tool_read(struct bsc_fd *fd, unsigned int flags)
{
int rc, c;
u_int16_t length = 0xffff;
u_int8_t buf[4096];
struct tool_connection *con = (struct tool_connection *)fd->data;
c = 0;
while(c < 2) {
rc = read(fd->fd, &buf + c, 2 - c);
if(rc == 0) {
// disconnect
goto close;
}
if(rc < 0) {
if(errno == EAGAIN) {
continue;
}
fprintf(stderr, "Err from socket: %s\n", strerror(errno));
goto close;
}
c += rc;
}
length = ntohs(*(u_int16_t*)buf);
c = 0;
while(c < length) {
rc = read(fd->fd, &buf + c, length - c);
if(rc == 0) {
// disconnect
goto close;
}
if(rc < 0) {
if(errno == EAGAIN) {
continue;
}
fprintf(stderr, "Err from socket: %s\n", strerror(errno));
goto close;
}
c += rc;
}
hdlc_send_to_phone(con->server->dlci, buf, length);
return 0;
close:
close(fd->fd);
bsc_unregister_fd(fd);
llist_del(&con->entry);
talloc_free(con);
return -1;
}
/* accept a new connection */
static int tool_accept(struct bsc_fd *fd, unsigned int flags)
{
struct tool_server *srv = (struct tool_server *)fd->data;
struct tool_connection *con;
struct sockaddr_un un_addr;
socklen_t len;
int rc;
len = sizeof(un_addr);
rc = accept(fd->fd, (struct sockaddr *) &un_addr, &len);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to accept a new connection.\n");
return -1;
}
con = talloc_zero(NULL, struct tool_connection);
if (!con) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create tool connection.\n");
return -1;
}
con->server = srv;
con->fd.fd = rc;
con->fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
con->fd.cb = un_tool_read;
con->fd.data = con;
if (bsc_register_fd(&con->fd) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to register the fd.\n");
return -1;
}
llist_add(&con->entry, &srv->connections);
return 0;
}
/*
* Register and start a tool server
*/
static int register_tool_server(struct tool_server *ts,
const char *path,
uint8_t dlci)
{
struct bsc_fd *bfd = &ts->bfd;
struct sockaddr_un local;
int rc;
bfd->fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (bfd->fd < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create Unix Domain Socket.\n");
return -1;
}
local.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
strncpy(local.sun_path, path, sizeof(local.sun_path));
local.sun_path[sizeof(local.sun_path) - 1] = '\0';
unlink(local.sun_path);
rc = bind(bfd->fd, (struct sockaddr *) &local,
sizeof(local.sun_family) + strlen(local.sun_path));
if (rc != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to bind the unix domain socket. '%s'\n",
local.sun_path);
return -1;
}
if (listen(bfd->fd, 0) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to listen.\n");
return -1;
}
bfd->when = BSC_FD_READ;
bfd->cb = tool_accept;
bfd->data = ts;
ts->dlci = dlci;
INIT_LLIST_HEAD(&ts->connections);
tool_server_for_dlci[dlci] = ts;
sercomm_register_rx_cb(dlci, hdlc_tool_cb);
if (bsc_register_fd(bfd) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to register the bfd.\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
extern void hdlc_tpudbg_cb(uint8_t dlci, struct msgb *msg);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int opt, flags;
char *serial_dev = "/dev/ttyUSB1";
char *layer2_un_path = "/tmp/osmocom_l2";
char *loader_un_path = "/tmp/osmocom_loader";
dnload.mode = MODE_C123;
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hl:p:m:s:v")) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
case 'p':
serial_dev = optarg;
break;
case 'm':
dnload.mode = parse_mode(optarg);
if (dnload.mode < 0)
usage(argv[0]);
break;
case 's':
layer2_un_path = optarg;
break;
case 'l':
loader_un_path = optarg;
break;
case 'v':
version(argv[0]);
break;
case 'h':
default:
usage(argv[0]);
break;
}
}
if (argc <= optind) {
fprintf(stderr, "You have to specify the filename\n");
usage(argv[0]);
}
dnload.filename = argv[optind];
dnload.serial_fd.fd = serial_init(serial_dev);
if (dnload.serial_fd.fd < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open serial device %s\n", serial_dev);
exit(1);
}
if (bsc_register_fd(&dnload.serial_fd) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to register the serial.\n");
exit(1);
}
/* Set serial socket to non-blocking mode of operation */
flags = fcntl(dnload.serial_fd.fd, F_GETFL);
flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
fcntl(dnload.serial_fd.fd, F_SETFL, flags);
dnload.serial_fd.when = BSC_FD_READ;
dnload.serial_fd.cb = serial_read;
/* initialize the HDLC layer */
sercomm_init();
sercomm_register_rx_cb(SC_DLCI_CONSOLE, hdlc_console_cb);
sercomm_register_rx_cb(SC_DLCI_DEBUG, hdlc_tpudbg_cb);
/* unix domain socket handling */
if (register_tool_server(&dnload.layer2_server, layer2_un_path, SC_DLCI_L1A_L23) != 0) {
exit(1);
}
if (register_tool_server(&dnload.loader_server, loader_un_path, SC_DLCI_LOADER) != 0) {
exit(1);
}
while (1)
bsc_select_main(0);
close(dnload.serial_fd.fd);
exit(0);
}
|