/* * QEMU host block devices * * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or * later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. */ #include "block.h" #include "blockdev.h" #include "monitor.h" #include "qerror.h" #include "qemu-option.h" #include "qemu-config.h" #include "sysemu.h" #include "hw/qdev.h" #include "block_int.h" static QTAILQ_HEAD(drivelist, DriveInfo) drives = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(drives); static const char *const if_name[IF_COUNT] = { [IF_NONE] = "none", [IF_IDE] = "ide", [IF_SCSI] = "scsi", [IF_FLOPPY] = "floppy", [IF_PFLASH] = "pflash", [IF_MTD] = "mtd", [IF_SD] = "sd", [IF_VIRTIO] = "virtio", [IF_XEN] = "xen", }; static const int if_max_devs[IF_COUNT] = { /* * Do not change these numbers! They govern how drive option * index maps to unit and bus. That mapping is ABI. * * All controllers used to imlement if=T drives need to support * if_max_devs[T] units, for any T with if_max_devs[T] != 0. * Otherwise, some index values map to "impossible" bus, unit * values. * * For instance, if you change [IF_SCSI] to 255, -drive * if=scsi,index=12 no longer means bus=1,unit=5, but * bus=0,unit=12. With an lsi53c895a controller (7 units max), * the drive can't be set up. Regression. */ [IF_IDE] = 2, [IF_SCSI] = 7, }; /* * We automatically delete the drive when a device using it gets * unplugged. Questionable feature, but we can't just drop it. * Device models call blockdev_mark_auto_del() to schedule the * automatic deletion, and generic qdev code calls blockdev_auto_del() * when deletion is actually safe. */ void blockdev_mark_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs); if (dinfo) { dinfo->auto_del = 1; } } void blockdev_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs); if (dinfo && dinfo->auto_del) { drive_put_ref(dinfo); } } static int drive_index_to_bus_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { int max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; return max_devs ? index / max_devs : 0; } static int drive_index_to_unit_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { int max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; return max_devs ? index % max_devs : index; } QemuOpts *drive_def(const char *optstr) { return qemu_opts_parse(qemu_find_opts("drive"), optstr, 0); } QemuOpts *drive_add(BlockInterfaceType type, int index, const char *file, const char *optstr) { QemuOpts *opts; char buf[32]; opts = drive_def(optstr); if (!opts) { return NULL; } if (type != IF_DEFAULT) { qemu_opt_set(opts, "if", if_name[type]); } if (index >= 0) { snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", index); qemu_opt_set(opts, "index", buf); } if (file) qemu_opt_set(opts, "file", file); return opts; } DriveInfo *drive_get(BlockInterfaceType type, int bus, int unit) { DriveInfo *dinfo; /* seek interface, bus and unit */ QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if (dinfo->type == type && dinfo->bus == bus && dinfo->unit == unit) return dinfo; } return NULL; } DriveInfo *drive_get_by_index(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { return drive_get(type, drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index), drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index)); } int drive_get_max_bus(BlockInterfaceType type) { int max_bus; DriveInfo *dinfo; max_bus = -1; QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if(dinfo->type == type && dinfo->bus > max_bus) max_bus = dinfo->bus; } return max_bus; } /* Get a block device. This should only be used for single-drive devices (e.g. SD/Floppy/MTD). Multi-disk devices (scsi/ide) should use the appropriate bus. */ DriveInfo *drive_get_next(BlockInterfaceType type) { static int next_block_unit[IF_COUNT]; return drive_get(type, 0, next_block_unit[type]++); } DriveInfo *drive_get_by_blockdev(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo; QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if (dinfo->bdrv == bs) { return dinfo; } } return NULL; } static void bdrv_format_print(void *opaque, const char *name) { error_printf(" %s", name); } static void drive_uninit(DriveInfo *dinfo) { qemu_opts_del(dinfo->opts); bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv); qemu_free(dinfo->id); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next); qemu_free(dinfo); } void drive_put_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo) { assert(dinfo->refcount); if (--dinfo->refcount == 0) { drive_uninit(dinfo); } } void drive_get_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo) { dinfo->refcount++; } static int parse_block_error_action(const char *buf, int is_read) { if (!strcmp(buf, "ignore")) { return BLOCK_ERR_IGNORE; } else if (!is_read && !strcmp(buf, "enospc")) { return BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ENOSPC; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "stop")) { return BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ANY; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "report")) { return BLOCK_ERR_REPORT; } else { error_report("'%s' invalid %s error action", buf, is_read ? "read" : "write"); return -1; } } DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *opts, int default_to_scsi) { const char *buf; const char *file = NULL; char devname[128]; const char *serial; const char *mediastr = ""; BlockInterfaceType type; enum { MEDIA_DISK, MEDIA_CDROM } media; int bus_id, unit_id; int cyls, heads, secs, translation; BlockDriver *drv = NULL; int max_devs; int index; int ro = 0; int bdrv_flags = 0; int on_read_error, on_write_error; const char *devaddr; DriveInfo *dinfo; int snapshot = 0; int ret; translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO; media = MEDIA_DISK; /* extract parameters */ bus_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bus", 0); unit_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "unit", -1); index = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "index", -1); cyls = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cyls", 0); heads = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "heads", 0); secs = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "secs", 0); snapshot = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "snapshot", 0); ro = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0); file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file"); serial = qemu_opt_get(opts, "serial"); if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "if")) != NULL) { pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), buf); for (type = 0; type < IF_COUNT && strcmp(buf, if_name[type]); type++) ; if (type == IF_COUNT) { error_report("unsupported bus type '%s'", buf); return NULL; } } else { type = default_to_scsi ? IF_SCSI : IF_IDE; pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), if_name[type]); } max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; if (cyls || heads || secs) { if (cyls < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && cyls > 16383)) { error_report("invalid physical cyls number"); return NULL; } if (heads < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && heads > 16)) { error_report("invalid physical heads number"); return NULL; } if (secs < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && secs > 63)) { error_report("invalid physical secs number"); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "trans")) != NULL) { if (!cyls) { error_report("'%s' trans must be used with cyls, heads and secs", buf); return NULL; } if (!strcmp(buf, "none")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE; else if (!strcmp(buf, "lba")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA; else if (!strcmp(buf, "auto")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO; else { error_report("'%s' invalid translation type", buf); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "media")) != NULL) { if (!strcmp(buf, "disk")) { media = MEDIA_DISK; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "cdrom")) { if (cyls || secs || heads) { error_report("CHS can't be set with media=%s", buf); return NULL; } media = MEDIA_CDROM; } else { error_report("'%s' invalid media", buf); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "cache")) != NULL) { if (!strcmp(buf, "off") || !strcmp(buf, "none")) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "writeback")) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "unsafe")) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "writethrough")) { /* this is the default */ } else { error_report("invalid cache option"); return NULL; } } #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio")) != NULL) { if (!strcmp(buf, "native")) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "threads")) { /* this is the default */ } else { error_report("invalid aio option"); return NULL; } } #endif if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "format")) != NULL) { if (strcmp(buf, "?") == 0) { error_printf("Supported formats:"); bdrv_iterate_format(bdrv_format_print, NULL); error_printf("\n"); return NULL; } drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(buf); if (!drv) { error_report("'%s' invalid format", buf); return NULL; } } on_write_error = BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ENOSPC; if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "werror")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_NONE) { error_report("werror is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } on_write_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 0); if (on_write_error < 0) { return NULL; } } on_read_error = BLOCK_ERR_REPORT; if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rerror")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_NONE) { error_report("rerror is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } on_read_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 1); if (on_read_error < 0) { return NULL; } } if ((devaddr = qemu_opt_get(opts, "addr")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_VIRTIO) { error_report("addr is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } } /* compute bus and unit according index */ if (index != -1) { if (bus_id != 0 || unit_id != -1) { error_report("index cannot be used with bus and unit"); return NULL; } bus_id = drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index); unit_id = drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index); } /* if user doesn't specify a unit_id, * try to find the first free */ if (unit_id == -1) { unit_id = 0; while (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) { unit_id++; if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) { unit_id -= max_devs; bus_id++; } } } /* check unit id */ if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) { error_report("unit %d too big (max is %d)", unit_id, max_devs - 1); return NULL; } /* * catch multiple definitions */ if (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) { error_report("drive with bus=%d, unit=%d (index=%d) exists", bus_id, unit_id, index); return NULL; } /* init */ dinfo = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*dinfo)); if ((buf = qemu_opts_id(opts)) != NULL) { dinfo->id = qemu_strdup(buf); } else { /* no id supplied -> create one */ dinfo->id = qemu_mallocz(32); if (type == IF_IDE || type == IF_SCSI) mediastr = (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "-cd" : "-hd"; if (max_devs) snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%i%s%i", devname, bus_id, mediastr, unit_id); else snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%s%i", devname, mediastr, unit_id); } dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id); dinfo->devaddr = devaddr; dinfo->type = type; dinfo->bus = bus_id; dinfo->unit = unit_id; dinfo->opts = opts; dinfo->refcount = 1; if (serial) strncpy(dinfo->serial, serial, sizeof(dinfo->serial) - 1); QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drives, dinfo, next); bdrv_set_on_error(dinfo->bdrv, on_read_error, on_write_error); switch(type) { case IF_IDE: case IF_SCSI: case IF_XEN: case IF_NONE: switch(media) { case MEDIA_DISK: if (cyls != 0) { bdrv_set_geometry_hint(dinfo->bdrv, cyls, heads, secs); bdrv_set_translation_hint(dinfo->bdrv, translation); } break; case MEDIA_CDROM: bdrv_set_removable(dinfo->bdrv, 1); dinfo->media_cd = 1; break; } break; case IF_SD: /* FIXME: This isn't really a floppy, but it's a reasonable approximation. */ case IF_FLOPPY: bdrv_set_removable(dinfo->bdrv, 1); break; case IF_PFLASH: case IF_MTD: break; case IF_VIRTIO: /* add virtio block device */ opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0); qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "virtio-blk"); qemu_opt_set(opts, "drive", dinfo->id); if (devaddr) qemu_opt_set(opts, "addr", devaddr); break; default: abort(); } if (!file || !*file) { return dinfo; } if (snapshot) { /* always use cache=unsafe with snapshot */ bdrv_flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK; bdrv_flags |= (BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT|BDRV_O_CACHE_WB|BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH); } if (media == MEDIA_CDROM) { /* CDROM is fine for any interface, don't check. */ ro = 1; } else if (ro == 1) { if (type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_FLOPPY && type != IF_NONE) { error_report("readonly not supported by this bus type"); goto err; } } bdrv_flags |= ro ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR; ret = bdrv_open(dinfo->bdrv, file, bdrv_flags, drv); if (ret < 0) { error_report("could not open disk image %s: %s", file, strerror(-ret)); goto err; } if (bdrv_key_required(dinfo->bdrv)) autostart = 0; return dinfo; err: bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv); qemu_free(dinfo->id); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next); qemu_free(dinfo); return NULL; } void do_commit(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict) { const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"); BlockDriverState *bs; if (!strcmp(device, "all")) { bdrv_commit_all(); } else { bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } bdrv_commit(bs); } } int do_snapshot_blkdev(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"); const char *filename = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "snapshot-file"); const char *format = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "format"); BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriver *drv, *old_drv, *proto_drv; int ret = 0; int flags; char old_filename[1024]; if (!filename) { qerror_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "snapshot-file"); ret = -1; goto out; } bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); ret = -1; goto out; } pstrcpy(old_filename, sizeof(old_filename), bs->filename); old_drv = bs->drv; flags = bs->open_flags; if (!format) { format = "qcow2"; } drv = bdrv_find_format(format); if (!drv) { qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); ret = -1; goto out; } proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename); if (!proto_drv) { qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); ret = -1; goto out; } ret = bdrv_img_create(filename, format, bs->filename, bs->drv->format_name, NULL, -1, flags); if (ret) { goto out; } qemu_aio_flush(); bdrv_flush(bs); bdrv_close(bs); ret = bdrv_open(bs, filename, flags, drv); /* * If reopening the image file we just created fails, fall back * and try to re-open the original image. If that fails too, we * are in serious trouble. */ if (ret != 0) { ret = bdrv_open(bs, old_filename, flags, old_drv); if (ret != 0) { qerror_report(QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, old_filename); } else { qerror_report(QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, filename); } } out: if (ret) { ret = -1; } return ret; } static int eject_device(Monitor *mon, BlockDriverState *bs, int force) { if (!bdrv_is_removable(bs)) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_REMOVABLE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return -1; } if (!force && bdrv_is_locked(bs)) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_LOCKED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return -1; } bdrv_close(bs); return 0; } int do_eject(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { BlockDriverState *bs; int force = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "force", 0); const char *filename = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"); bs = bdrv_find(filename); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, filename); return -1; } return eject_device(mon, bs, force); } int do_block_set_passwd(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { BlockDriverState *bs; int err; bs = bdrv_find(qdict_get_str(qdict, "device")); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, qdict_get_str(qdict, "device")); return -1; } err = bdrv_set_key(bs, qdict_get_str(qdict, "password")); if (err == -EINVAL) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return -1; } else if (err < 0) { qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD); return -1; } return 0; } int do_change_block(Monitor *mon, const char *device, const char *filename, const char *fmt) { BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriver *drv = NULL; int bdrv_flags; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return -1; } if (fmt) { drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(fmt); if (!drv) { qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, fmt); return -1; } } if (eject_device(mon, bs, 0) < 0) { return -1; } bdrv_flags = bdrv_is_read_only(bs) ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR; bdrv_flags |= bdrv_is_snapshot(bs) ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0; if (bdrv_open(bs, filename, bdrv_flags, drv) < 0) { qerror_report(QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, filename); return -1; } return monitor_read_bdrv_key_start(mon, bs, NULL, NULL); } int do_drive_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { const char *id = qdict_get_str(qdict, "id"); BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(id); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id); return -1; } if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, id); return -1; } /* quiesce block driver; prevent further io */ qemu_aio_flush(); bdrv_flush(bs); bdrv_close(bs); /* if we have a device associated with this BlockDriverState (bs->peer) * then we need to make the drive anonymous until the device * can be removed. If this is a drive with no device backing * then we can just get rid of the block driver state right here. */ if (bs->peer) { bdrv_make_anon(bs); } else { drive_uninit(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); } return 0; } /* * XXX: replace the QERR_UNDEFINED_ERROR errors with real values once the * existing QERR_ macro mess is cleaned up. A good example for better * error reports can be found in the qemu-img resize code. */ int do_block_resize(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"); int64_t size = qdict_get_int(qdict, "size"); BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return -1; } if (size < 0) { qerror_report(QERR_UNDEFINED_ERROR); return -1; } if (bdrv_truncate(bs, size)) { qerror_report(QERR_UNDEFINED_ERROR); return -1; } return 0; }