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2015-08-13tbf: Always start T3193 when changing state to GPRS_RLCMAC_WAIT_RELEASEJacob Erlbeck2-1/+8
Currently when receiving a PACKET DL ACK/NACK message with the Final Ack Indicator bit set, the TBF's state is set to GPRS_RLCMAC_WAIT_RELEASE but T3193 is only started when the LLC queue is empty. Otherwise the reuse_tbf() method is called to establish a new DL TBF. In that case, the timer is not started. This will leave the current TBF without a timer so it is potentially not released later on. This is recognisable by sticky entries in the output of the 'show tbf all' command and possibly allocation failures if there are too many of them. This commit changes the code to always start T3193 to make sure, that a timer is always active when the the state is set to GPRS_RLCMAC_WAIT_RELEASE. Note that TS 44.060, 9.3.2.6 requests to release the 'old' TBF immediately in some cases, which is not implemented by this change. This will lead to a longer reservation period of the TFI only, which is safer than reassigning it too early. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-21llc: Add CoDel AQM implementationJacob Erlbeck4-2/+191
This commit adds an implementation of the CoDel algorithm based on the reference pseudocode presented in http://queue.acm.org/appendices/codel.html. Instead of abstracting the queue itself, the implementation provides a time stamp based automaton which is invoked after a package has been dequeued. Note that the modifications of the algorithm shown in https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-aqm-codel-01 are not yet applied. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Make alloc_algorithm_dynamic statefulJacob Erlbeck3-893/+423
Currently there is no persistent state being used in alloc_algorithm_dynamic. So algorithm B is even used in persistent high usage scenarios. If there are many active TBFs, multislot assigments are not fair, because MS of a "higher" multislot class get higher troughputs. On the other hand, as long as all PDCH are busy no bandwidth will be wasted even if all MS use algorithm A. This commit modifies alloc_algorithm_dynamic to disable algorithm B when that call fails. It then keeps it disabled until there is a single PDCH which is idle (it is considered idle, if there is at most one active DL TBF assigned to it). Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Fix trx_no assertionJacob Erlbeck1-1/+2
Currently the value of trx_no2 is used in the assertion, even if the call to tfi_find_free has failed. This commit fixes the asserted expression to only compare the trx_no values if the function call has succeeded. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Free the TBF if the recursion has failedJacob Erlbeck1-0/+4
Currently if both an uplink and a downlink TBF are to be allocated by alloc_tbfs() and the second allocation fails, the first TBF is not freed. This commit changes the recursive function to free the TBF if the ms variable has been changed to NULL. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Use lower case for slots with TFI shortageJacob Erlbeck1-16/+39
Indicate those slots with lower case letters that do not have a spare TFI for the other direction if such a TBF has not been attached to the MS object yet. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Use a separate usage computation for algo AJacob Erlbeck1-56/+56
Currently algorithm A can select an TBF even when there is no free TBF in the reverse direction. While this does not necessarily lead to an allocation failure, the probabily is higher. In addition, the current slot reservations are not taken into account. This commit changes the selection algorithm to prefer slots where TFI are available in both directions and which are less reserved. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Show expectation before failureJacob Erlbeck1-1/+10
To simplify debugging, show the actuals value before the assertion fails in some cases. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Add 'dynamic' allocation algorithmJacob Erlbeck3-0/+1703
The idea behind this meta algorithm is to automatically select one of the other algorithms based on the system state. Basically algorithm B will be selected if the PDCH usage is low to improve throughput and latency. Algorithm A will be selected to support more concurrent MS. This commit adds a first simple state-less version of this algorithm that always tries B first and only if that fails A is tried afterwards. The following VTY command is added to the 'pcu' node: - alloc-algorithm dynamic Ticket: #1934 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Refactor alloc algorithms to only apply changes on successJacob Erlbeck1-7/+7
Currently these algorithms modify other objects (MS, TBF, PDCH) even if the allocation will fail later on. To implement an algorithm that dynamically tries another algorithm on failure (e.g. A after B), the first (failing) algorithm should not change or damage anything. This commit refactors algorithm A and B to delay the actual allocation until it is known that the allocation will not fail. Ticket: #1934 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Add test for interleaved TBF chainsJacob Erlbeck3-0/+1104
MS iniated TCP connections generally result in a sequence of short time UL and longer lasting DL TBFs, being interleaved between several MS. This scenario is not covered by the existing tests. This commit adds a test, that allocates as man as possible TBFs several times with different test modes without clearing the BTS (and thus the TBF list) in between. The number of allocated DL TBFs in each round is expected to be constant. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Put TBF allocation loop into alloc_many_tbfsJacob Erlbeck1-22/+43
Currently all TBFs are deleted after the allocation loop finishes. This make it difficult to interleave the TBF allocation like it happens with real MS. This commit refactors the allocation loop into alloc_many_tbfs and adds support for TLLIs, which are derived from the counter value and used to retrieve an old MS object if alloc_many_tbfs is called a second time. Note that this does not make a difference for the existing tests. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16tbf: Put the TFI->TBF mapping into the PDCH objectsJacob Erlbeck3-19/+13
Currently the TBFs are registered in a TFI indexed array within the TRX objects. TBFs can be searched globally by TFI and TRX number. This conflicts with the use of the same TFI for different TBF on different PDCH. This use case requires the specification of the PDCH as additional search dimension. This commit moves the TFI index TBF arrays into the PDCH objects. The related methods are updated accordingly. Ticket: #1793 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Allocate TFI per slot (algorithm A)Jacob Erlbeck4-281/+454
Currently the TFI are managed per TRX, thus only a maximum of 32 TBF per direction and per TRX are possible simultaneously. This commit modifies algorithm_a() to allow the sharing of TFI between different PDCH. Since algorithm A only assigns a single slot to each TBF, the TFI of each PDCH can be assigned independently. This increases the maximum to 32 TBF per direction and per PDCH concerning the TFI allocation. Ticket: #1793 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16tbf: Move TFI selection into alloc_algorithmJacob Erlbeck4-177/+248
Currently the TFI and the TRX have to be determined before the actual TBF allocation function is called, passing TFI and TRX number as parameters. This does fit to TFI reuse for different slots, since this were tightly coupled with the slot selection. This commit just moves the TFI selection into the alloc_algorithm functions. The tfi parameter is removed from the the TFI alloc functions. The trx parameter is changed into use_trx to optionally limit the trx selection (same semantics like in tfi_find_free). Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16pdch: Manage TFIs per directionJacob Erlbeck2-10/+2
Currently a single bit set is used to maintain a set of used TFI without distinguishing between uplink and downlink. Since the namespaces of UL and DL TFI are separate, this implementation is not correct. This commit changes gprs_rlcmac_pdch to use a separate bit set for each direction. It also replace the corresponding conditional fprintf statement in check_tfi_usage (AllocTest.cpp) by an equivalent OSMO_ASSERT. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc/test: Check for TFI conflictsJacob Erlbeck2-1/+110
This commit adds the check_tfi_usage function that checks the TFI usage. It iterates through all TBFs, records on which PDCH it uses which TFI and check for conflicts. It also checks the bits returned by pdch->assigned_tfi(). The latter suffers from an bug in that method (no separation of uplink and downlink), so a conditional fprintf is used instead of an assertion. The method tfi_find_free is checked for conflicts after allocations. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Fix MS_B/MS_C interpretationJacob Erlbeck1-209/+209
Currently the handling of MS_B and MS_C is not compliant with TS 45.002, annex B.1. These values may only interpreted as 0, if frequency hopping is not enabled and if there is no change from Rx to Tx or vice-versa. This commit sets Ttb/Trb to 1 if the table entry is MS_B/MS_C, since only combined down/up access modes are supported. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Do not use masking for multislot class type 2 MSJacob Erlbeck1-35/+35
Currently the masks are computed equally for each class type. This does not make much sense for class type 2 MS, since those are capable to work in full duplex mode. This commit sets the masks to 0xff for class type 2 MS. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-16alloc: Select applicable Tta/TraJacob Erlbeck1-4/+4
According to TS 45.002, 6.4.2.2 the choice whether Tta or Tra has to be applied, depends on the medium access mode (currently always dynamic) and the number of UL/DL slots. Currently either value can be used which might result in combinations not covered by the spec. This commit changes find_multi_slots() to skip non-compliant combinations. Note that this code will have to be extended, if other medium access modes are implemented. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc: Use least reserved PDCH for algo AJacob Erlbeck3-33/+58
Currently the slot selection of algorithm A is based on the current slot usage by active TBF. Especially in the Dl after UL case which reflects the commen use case "MS initiates TCP connection", the resulting distribution is not optimal with respect to PDCH usage. This commit changes the implementation to use the slot reservation information instead. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc/test: Delete first TBF after the second is allocatedJacob Erlbeck3-100/+77
Currently when using the test modes TEST_MODE_DL_AFTER_UL or TEST_MODE_UL_AFTER_DL, the first TBF is deleted before the second is allocated. The far more interesting case were to keep the first TBF a little bit longer until the second TBF has been created and delete then. This comes closer the the situation observed with real MS, where the first TBF takes some time (timeout or waiting for Ack) before it gets deleted and thus detached from the MS object. This commit delays the call to tbf_free accordingly. The effect can be observed in the results of the algo A tests, where the uniform distribution of the allocated PDCH is lost. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07tbf: Keep a set of used TFI and USF per PDCHJacob Erlbeck1-53/+53
Currently is is rather expensive to get TFI and USF usage per PDCH, because the TBFs need to be scanned to get that information. This commit adds corresponding bit sets which get updated by the attach_tbf/detach_tbf methods of the gprs_rlcmac_pdch class. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc: Skip common TS without free USF when ratingJacob Erlbeck3-33/+63
Currently the search of the "best" slot combination is done separately from the UL slot selection, which can lead to an allocation failure due to USF exhaustion even if another combination had been possible. This commit reduces the probability for this event by skipping UL slots without free USF while calculation the capacity. Note that the implementation is rather inefficient which will be fixed by the following commits. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc: Only reserve 1 UL slot with algorithm BJacob Erlbeck3-73/+61
Since currently the algorithm B will only allocate a single UL slot and will have to stick to it (first common TS), the other possible UL slots will not be allocated while the reservation is kept. This commit adds code to update the reserved set of UL slots to only reserve the single common TS when the UL TBF is allocated. Interestingly this leads to fewer allocated TBF in some cases due to USF exhaustion. This will be improved by the following commit "alloc: Skip common TS without free USF". Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc: Only use common UL slots when calculating the capacityJacob Erlbeck3-54/+65
Currently al possible UL slots are included in the capacity calculation which is the base of the slot selection. Nevertheless UL-only slots will never be used, since only one uplink slot (which must be a common slot) will be used. This patch changes the code to only include common slots in the capacity sum. Note that this might not be optimal if algorithm B supported multiple uplink slots. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-07alloc: Replace Algorithm B implementationJacob Erlbeck3-186/+285
The current implementation always starts the downlink slot allocation with the first possible slot, depending on which channels are enabled and which multislot class is offered by the MS. So in configurations with many (>4) PDCH, some PDCH are not really used. The new implementation introduced by this commit differs as follows: - The reservation mechanism provided by GprsMs is used to avoid incompatibilities is used in the same way like algo A does. This basically means, that the allocation is done once when the first TBF is requested and then used until all TBF have been released. - All combinations of Rx and Tx slots are checked for compatibility with the multiscot class. Basically the combination with the most usable PDCH and the least number of reservations is used. - Only one UL slots is provided. - Tta and Tra are checked. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03tbf: Remove call to update() in reuse_tbfJacob Erlbeck1-24/+0
Since both TBF are based on the same reservation which means that they should be compatible with respect to the slot usage, and since the new TBF has not been forced to single slot usage, an update of the allocation is not necessary now. This commit removes the call to update() from within reuse_tbf(). Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03tbf: Set ms in call to tbf_alloc_dl_tbfJacob Erlbeck1-10/+0
The call to tbf_alloc_dl_tbf misses the pointer to the GprsMs object which is already known in that case (tbf_reuse). This leads to a full reallocation of the PDCH slots, which is possibly incompatible with the old set of slots. This can result in hanging TCP connections and TCP connection failures. This commit replaces the old NULL value by the actual GprsMs object. Since the set_ms() is also done within the tbf_alloc_dl_tbf method, that call is removed. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03alloc: Base algo A on reserved PDCHsJacob Erlbeck1-1/+1
Currently algorithm A bases its time slots selection on the number of TBF actively using the PDCHs. This statistically prefers the first time slots, especially with short living TBFs. So when the first TBF is triggered by an uplink transfer (which generally results in a short-lived TBF) the potentially longer living DL TBF will be bound to the same slot. When another MS then requests an uplink TBF, it will get the same slot (no UL TBF currently active). This commit changes the algorithm to base its selection on reserved slots instead. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03alloc: Load balancing for algo AJacob Erlbeck4-91/+330
Currently only the first enabled PDCH will be used. Beside the throughput this will also limit the number of TBFs: - number of UL TBFs <= 7 - number of DL TBFs <= 32 This commit changes the allocation algorithm to use the PDCH with the least number of attached TBFs. This will improve the troughput in both directions and the UL limits: - number of UL TBFs <= min(32, N_PDCH * 7) UL TBFs Ticket: #1794 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03ms: Add tbf() method to get the TBF based on the directionJacob Erlbeck3-0/+17
To avoid the need for a switch or conditional statement when needing a TBF from an MS object in direction independant code, this method contains that case distinction. For additional flexibility, a reverse() function is added to get the opposite direction. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03tbf: Maintain the number of TBF per PDCHJacob Erlbeck1-0/+57
Currently the PDCH object do not know anything about the TBFs using them. To make the slot allocation load dependant, at least some numbers are required. This commit adds TBF counters (one per direction) and the related methods attach_tbf, detach_tbf, and num_tbfs to gprs_rlcmac_pdch. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03tbf/test: Add assertionsJacob Erlbeck1-0/+2
These assertions check for the TBF allocation result before the tbf object is dereferenced the first time. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03alloc/test: Use LOGL_DEBUG environment variableJacob Erlbeck1-0/+2
When this environment variable is set, the logging level is set to LOGL_DEBUG to help debugging without putting everything into AllocTest.err. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03alloc/test: Enhance test_alloc_aJacob Erlbeck3-5/+20
This commit adds: - an assertion to check that count is valid, - an assertion the verify that tbf_alloc did not fail - a slots parameter to specify the enabled slots - additional test invocations with more slots enabled Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-07-03alloc/test: Add test for successive allocationJacob Erlbeck3-0/+467
This test allocates as many as possible UL/DL TBF pairs, shows their PDCH usage, and checks how many of them has been created successfully. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29tbf: Always create an MS object on TBF allocationJacob Erlbeck1-121/+131
Currently the MS object are created when the TLLI gets known. Therefore some information (TA, MS class) must be stored in the TBF itself and is copied to the MS object later on. This would get even more complex, if the allocation algorithms were extended based on this scheme. This commit ensures, that an MS object will always be created on TBF allocation, even if the TLLI is not yet known. These 'anonymous' objects are still managed by the MS storage. To avoid dangling entries without a TLLI there (which cannnot be retrieved anyway), the timer in the MS objects is not started after all TBF have been detached, so that they get deleted immediately in that case. Note that an MS object can still be removed (e.g. by replacement) from an existing TBF, so tbf->ms() can be NULL. Ticket: #1794 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29tbf: Pass the MS object around instead of old_tbfJacob Erlbeck2-9/+9
Currently the old TBF (either uplink or downlink) is passed around at TBF allocation mainly to get information about the MS. To implement more complex allocation algorithms, the MS object itself will be needed anyway. This commit replaces the old_tbf arguments by MS object arguments. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29tbf: Remove update_tlli methodJacob Erlbeck1-3/+0
This method does not do anything anymore, it's functionality has been taken over by update_ms. This commit removes gprs_rlcmac_tbf::update_tlli completely. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29llc/test: Use a portable way to set timeval variablesJacob Erlbeck1-8/+12
Using complex initialiser lists doesn't seem to work well with Debian Squeeze. This commit changes the initialisation to use separate assignments instead. Fixes: Jenkins #601, #602 Addresses: CXX LlcTest.o ../../tests/llc/LlcTest.cpp: In function 'void test_llc_meta()': ../../tests/llc/LlcTest.cpp:137: error: expected primary-expression before '.' token ../../tests/llc/LlcTest.cpp:137: warning: extended initializer lists only available with -std=c++0x or -std=gnu++0x Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29Revert "llc/test: Explicitly enable extended initialiser lists"Jacob Erlbeck1-4/+0
This reverts commit a99d95e3afc528829f657e37f0572ac78bf06d4b. That commit has only removed the warning but not the error. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-29llc/test: Explicitly enable extended initialiser listsJacob Erlbeck1-0/+4
To support extended initialiser lists some platforms (at least debian squeeze) require to add -std=c++0x or -std=gnu++0x to CXXFLAGS. While that option is deprecated on newer platforms (at least gcc 4.8) this options is still supported on every platform currently in use. This commit adds -std=gnu++0x to the CXXFLAGS used to compile LlcTest.cpp. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22llc: Move storage of timestamps into gprs_llc_queueJacob Erlbeck3-25/+58
Currently the receive and expiry timestamps are prepended to the LLC msgb before it is passed to gprs_llc_queue::enqueue(). Since this meta information should not be counted as LLC octets, the gprs_llc_queue needs to known about this (unless the correction was done in the LLC layer). This commit moves the meta information storage code into gprs_llc_queue. The meta data is now stored in the control block (cb) area of the msgb. Note that the info pointer that is returned from the dequeue method is only valid if that method returns a (non-NULL) msgb. It must not be used after that msgb has been modified or freed. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22ms: Reduce DL CS level if only a few LLC bytes are leftJacob Erlbeck3-0/+42
If just a few bytes are left to send to the MS, it makes sense to reduce the coding scheme level to increase the throughput. This has been shown by Chen and Goodman in their paper "Theoretical Analysis of GPRS Throughput and Delay". See their throughput over C/I measurement graphs (figures 4 and 5 in the paper) for details. This commit implements a simplified CS downgrade feature for the downlink. The coding scheme will be downgraded if there are only a few octets are left to be send over the TBF (see the downgrade-threshold command below) and the NACK rate is not low (the CS will not get degraded on a high quality RF link). As an exception, CS-3 will be degraded to CS-1, since CS-2 does not improve the throughput in general when a few small packets are sent and the signal fades slowly (see Chen/Goodman). The following VTY command is added to the config-pcu node: - cs downgrade-threshold <1-10000> - cs no downgrade-threshold to set the threshold of the number of remaining bytes to be RLC/MAC encoded. The CS will only be reduced, if the number is below the threshold. The 'no' command disables this feature completely. The default value is 200 octets. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22llc: Keep track of the number of stored LLC octetsJacob Erlbeck1-0/+7
To get the number of LLC octets that are stored in the queue, this commit adds a m_queue_octets member along with a octets() method. This value is updated similarly to m_queue_size on each modifying method call. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22llc/test: Add test program for LLC related testsJacob Erlbeck5-1/+199
Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22tbf: Fix downlink packet lossJacob Erlbeck2-7/+52
When the MS is pinged with a longer interval, many packets get lost even if the GprsMs object is kept. If the interval is above the time where the DL TBF is in state FLOW (mainly influenced be the dl-tbf-idle-time command), an new TBF must be requested via AGCH for each ICMP PING message. Currently the LLC frame containing the PING is immediately stored in the TBF and gets lost, if TBF establishment fails for some reason. This commit moves all calls to put_frame() to schedule_next_frame(), where the data is moved from the LLC queue to the frame storage within the TBF object. This method is only called from within create_new_bsn() when the TBF is in the FLOW state and the frame is going to be encoded immediately. At all other places, where put_frame() has been called before, the LLC message is just appended to the LLC queue in the GprsMs object. This change effectively simplifies the related code parts, since date/len information and discard notifications is no longer needed there. Ticket: #1759 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22tbf/test: Add test for DL LLC packet lossJacob Erlbeck3-0/+132
Currently LLC frames are lost or even reordered when the TBF has be established via the AGCH and the procedure fails for some reason. This test tries to reproduce this behaviour by throwing away the first TBF while calling the handle() method several times. The results of create_dl_acked_block() are checked against expected values (this is currently party disabled because the bug still persists). Ticket: #1759 Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
2015-06-22tbf: Include CS into create_new_bsn log messageJacob Erlbeck1-27/+27
This change lets the test suite fail, so it get its own commit. Sponsored-by: On-Waves ehf
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