aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/gsm/gsm48_ie.c
blob: 1baf28796239698557dbe7d18fc20ede2d3123f7 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
/*! \file gsm48_ie.c
 * GSM Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 messages.
 * 3GPP TS 04.08 version 7.21.0 Release 1998 / ETSI TS 100 940 V7.21.0. */
/*
 * (C) 2008 by Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>
 * (C) 2009-2010 by Andreas Eversberg
 *
 * All Rights Reserved
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 */


#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <osmocom/core/utils.h>
#include <osmocom/core/msgb.h>
#include <osmocom/gsm/tlv.h>
#include <osmocom/gsm/mncc.h>
#include <osmocom/gsm/protocol/gsm_04_08.h>
#include <osmocom/gsm/gsm48_ie.h>

/*! \addtogroup gsm0408
 *  @{
 */

static const char bcd_num_digits[] = {
	'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
	'8', '9', '*', '#', 'a', 'b', 'c', '\0'
};

/*! decode a 'called/calling/connect party BCD number' as in 10.5.4.7
 *  \param[out] Caller-provided output buffer
 *  \param[in] bcd_lv Length-Value portion of to-be-decoded IE
 *  \param[in] h_len Length of an optional heder between L and V portion
 *  \returns - in case of success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_bcd_number(char *output, int output_len,
			    const uint8_t *bcd_lv, int h_len)
{
	uint8_t in_len = bcd_lv[0];
	int i;

	for (i = 1 + h_len; i <= in_len; i++) {
		/* lower nibble */
		output_len--;
		if (output_len <= 1)
			break;
		*output++ = bcd_num_digits[bcd_lv[i] & 0xf];

		/* higher nibble */
		output_len--;
		if (output_len <= 1)
			break;
		*output++ = bcd_num_digits[bcd_lv[i] >> 4];
	}
	if (output_len >= 1)
		*output++ = '\0';

	return 0;
}

/*! convert a single ASCII character to call-control BCD */
static int asc_to_bcd(const char asc)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bcd_num_digits); i++) {
		if (bcd_num_digits[i] == asc)
			return i;
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

/*! convert a ASCII phone number to 'called/calling/connect party BCD number'
 *  \param[out] bcd_lv Caller-provided output buffer
 *  \param[in] max_len Maximum Length of \a bcd_lv
 *  \param[in] h_len Length of an optional heder between L and V portion
 *  \param[in] input phone number as 0-terminated ASCII
 *  \returns number of bytes used in \a bcd_lv */
int gsm48_encode_bcd_number(uint8_t *bcd_lv, uint8_t max_len,
		      int h_len, const char *input)
{
	int in_len = strlen(input);
	int i;
	uint8_t *bcd_cur = bcd_lv + 1 + h_len;

	/* two digits per byte, plus type byte */
	bcd_lv[0] = in_len/2 + h_len;
	if (in_len % 2)
		bcd_lv[0]++;

	if (bcd_lv[0] > max_len)
		return -EIO;

	for (i = 0; i < in_len; i++) {
		int rc = asc_to_bcd(input[i]);
		if (rc < 0)
			return rc;
		if (i % 2 == 0)
			*bcd_cur = rc;
		else
			*bcd_cur++ |= (rc << 4);
	}
	/* append padding nibble in case of odd length */
	if (i % 2)
		*bcd_cur++ |= 0xf0;

	/* return how many bytes we used */
	return (bcd_cur - bcd_lv);
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Bearer Capability IE (10.5.4.5)
 *  \param[out] Caller-provided memory for decoded output
 *  \[aram[in] LV portion of TS 04.08 Bearer Capability
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_bearer_cap(struct gsm_mncc_bearer_cap *bcap,
			     const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];
	int i, s;

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	bcap->speech_ver[0] = -1; /* end of list, of maximum 7 values */

	/* octet 3 */
	bcap->transfer = lv[1] & 0x07;
	bcap->mode = (lv[1] & 0x08) >> 3;
	bcap->coding = (lv[1] & 0x10) >> 4;
	bcap->radio = (lv[1] & 0x60) >> 5;

	switch (bcap->transfer) {
	case GSM_MNCC_BCAP_SPEECH:
		i = 1;
		s = 0;
		while(!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
			i++; /* octet 3a etc */
			if (in_len < i)
				return 0;
			bcap->speech_ver[s++] = lv[i] & 0x0f;
			bcap->speech_ver[s] = -1; /* end of list */
			if (i == 2) /* octet 3a */
				bcap->speech_ctm = (lv[i] & 0x20) >> 5;
			if (s == 7) /* maximum speech versions + end of list */
				return 0;
		}
		break;
	case GSM_MNCC_BCAP_UNR_DIG:
	case GSM_MNCC_BCAP_FAX_G3:
		i = 1;
		while(!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
			i++; /* octet 3a etc */
			if (in_len < i)
				return 0;
			/* ignore them */
		}
		/* octet 4: skip */
		i++;
		/* octet 5 */
		i++;
		if (in_len < i)
			return 0;
		bcap->data.rate_adaption = (lv[i] >> 3) & 3;
		bcap->data.sig_access = lv[i] & 7;
		while(!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
			i++; /* octet 5a etc */
			if (in_len < i)
				return 0;
			/* ignore them */
		}
		/* octet 6 */
		i++;
		if (in_len < i)
			return 0;
		bcap->data.async = lv[i] & 1;
		if (!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
			i++;
			if (in_len < i)
				return 0;
			/* octet 6a */
			bcap->data.nr_stop_bits = ((lv[i] >> 7) & 1) + 1;
			if (lv[i] & 0x10)
				bcap->data.nr_data_bits = 8;
			else
				bcap->data.nr_data_bits = 7;
			bcap->data.user_rate = lv[i]  & 0xf;

			if (!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
				i++;
				if (in_len < i)
					return 0;
				/* octet 6b */
				bcap->data.parity = lv[i] & 7;
				bcap->data.interm_rate = (lv[i] >> 5) & 3;

				/* octet 6c */
				if (!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
					i++;
					if (in_len < i)
						return 0;
					bcap->data.transp = (lv[i] >> 5) & 3;
					bcap->data.modem_type = lv[i] & 0x1F;
				}
			}

		}
		break;
	default:
		i = 1;
		while (!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
			i++; /* octet 3a etc */
			if (in_len < i)
				return 0;
			/* ignore them */
		}
		/* FIXME: implement OCTET 4+ parsing */
		break;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Bearer Capability IE (10.5.4.5)
 *  \param[out] msg Message Buffer to which IE is to be appended
 *  \param[in] lv_only Write only LV portion (1) or TLV (0)
 *  \param[in] bcap Decoded Bearer Capability to be encoded
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_encode_bearer_cap(struct msgb *msg, int lv_only,
			     const struct gsm_mncc_bearer_cap *bcap)
{
	uint8_t lv[32 + 1];
	int i = 1, s;

	lv[1] = bcap->transfer;
	lv[1] |= bcap->mode << 3;
	lv[1] |= bcap->coding << 4;
	lv[1] |= bcap->radio << 5;

	switch (bcap->transfer) {
	case GSM_MNCC_BCAP_SPEECH:
		for (s = 0; bcap->speech_ver[s] >= 0; s++) {
			i++; /* octet 3a etc */
			lv[i] = bcap->speech_ver[s];
			if (i == 2) /* octet 3a */
				lv[i] |= bcap->speech_ctm << 5;
		}
		lv[i] |= 0x80; /* last IE of octet 3 etc */
		break;
	case GSM48_BCAP_ITCAP_UNR_DIG_INF:
	case GSM48_BCAP_ITCAP_FAX_G3:
		lv[i++] |= 0x80; /* last IE of octet 3 etc */
		/* octet 4 */
		lv[i++] = 0xb8;
		/* octet 5 */
		lv[i++] = 0x80 | ((bcap->data.rate_adaption & 3) << 3)
			  | (bcap->data.sig_access & 7);
		/* octet 6 */
		lv[i++] = 0x20 | (bcap->data.async & 1);
		/* octet 6a */
		lv[i++] = (bcap->data.user_rate & 0xf) |
			  (bcap->data.nr_data_bits == 8 ? 0x10 : 0x00) |
			  (bcap->data.nr_stop_bits == 2 ? 0x40 : 0x00);
		/* octet 6b */
		lv[i++] = (bcap->data.parity & 7) |
			  ((bcap->data.interm_rate & 3) << 5);
		/* octet 6c */
		lv[i] = 0x80 | (bcap->data.modem_type & 0x1f);
		break;
	default:
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	lv[0] = i;
	if (lv_only)
		msgb_lv_put(msg, lv[0], lv+1);
	else
		msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_BEARER_CAP, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Call Control Capabilities IE (10.5.4.5a)
 *  \param[out] Caller-provided memory for decoded CC capabilities
 *  \param[in] lv Length-Value of IE
 *  \retursns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_cccap(struct gsm_mncc_cccap *ccap, const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* octet 3 */
	ccap->dtmf = lv[1] & 0x01;
	ccap->pcp = (lv[1] & 0x02) >> 1;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encodoe TS 04.08 Call Control Capabilities (10.5.4.5a)
 *  \param[out] msg Message Buffer to which to append IE (as TLV)
 *  \param[in] ccap Decoded CC Capabilities to be encoded
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_encode_cccap(struct msgb *msg,
			const struct gsm_mncc_cccap *ccap)
{
	uint8_t lv[2];

	lv[0] = 1;
	lv[1] = 0;
	if (ccap->dtmf)
		lv [1] |= 0x01;
	if (ccap->pcp)
		lv [1] |= 0x02;

	msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_CC_CAP, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Called Party BCD Number IE (10.5.4.7)
 *  \param[out] called Caller-provided memory for decoded number
 *  \param[in] lv Length-Value portion of IE
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_called(struct gsm_mncc_number *called,
			 const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* octet 3 */
	called->plan = lv[1] & 0x0f;
	called->type = (lv[1] & 0x70) >> 4;

	/* octet 4..N */
	gsm48_decode_bcd_number(called->number, sizeof(called->number), lv, 1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Called Party IE (10.5.4.7)
 *  \param[out] msg Mesage Buffer to which to append IE (as TLV)
 *  \param[in] called MNCC Number to encode/append
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_encode_called(struct msgb *msg,
			 const struct gsm_mncc_number *called)
{
	uint8_t lv[18];
	int ret;

	/* octet 3 */
	lv[1] = 0x80; /* no extension */
	lv[1] |= called->plan;
	lv[1] |= called->type << 4;

	/* octet 4..N, octet 2 */
	ret = gsm48_encode_bcd_number(lv, sizeof(lv), 1, called->number);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_CALLED_BCD, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Caller ID
 *  \param[out] called Caller-provided memory for decoded number
 *  \param[in] lv Length-Value portion of IE
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_callerid(struct gsm_mncc_number *callerid,
			 const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];
	int i = 1;

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* octet 3 */
	callerid->plan = lv[1] & 0x0f;
	callerid->type = (lv[1] & 0x70) >> 4;

	/* octet 3a */
	if (!(lv[1] & 0x80)) {
		callerid->screen = lv[2] & 0x03;
		callerid->present = (lv[2] & 0x60) >> 5;
		i = 2;
	}

	/* octet 4..N */
	gsm48_decode_bcd_number(callerid->number, sizeof(callerid->number), lv, i);

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Caller ID IE
 *  \param[out] msg Mesage Buffer to which to append IE (as TLV)
 *  \param[in] ie IE Identifier (tag)
 *  \param[in] max_len maximum generated output in bytes
 *  \param[in] callerid MNCC Number to encode/append
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_encode_callerid(struct msgb *msg, int ie, int max_len,
			   const struct gsm_mncc_number *callerid)
{
	uint8_t lv[max_len - 1];
	int h_len = 1;
	int ret;

	/* octet 3 */
	lv[1] = callerid->plan;
	lv[1] |= callerid->type << 4;

	if (callerid->present || callerid->screen) {
		/* octet 3a */
		lv[2] = callerid->screen;
		lv[2] |= callerid->present << 5;
		lv[2] |= 0x80;
		h_len++;
	} else
		lv[1] |= 0x80;

	/* octet 4..N, octet 2 */
	ret = gsm48_encode_bcd_number(lv, sizeof(lv), h_len, callerid->number);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	msgb_tlv_put(msg, ie, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Cause IE (10.5.4.11)
 *  \param[out] cause Caller-provided memory for output
 *  \param[in] lv LV portion of Cause IE
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_cause(struct gsm_mncc_cause *cause,
			const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];
	int i;

	if (in_len < 2)
		return -EINVAL;

	cause->diag_len = 0;

	/* octet 3 */
	cause->location = lv[1] & 0x0f;
	cause->coding = (lv[1] & 0x60) >> 5;

	i = 1;
	if (!(lv[i] & 0x80)) {
		i++; /* octet 3a */
		if (in_len < i+1)
			return 0;
		cause->rec = 1;
		cause->rec_val = lv[i] & 0x7f;
	}
	i++;

	/* octet 4 */
	cause->value = lv[i] & 0x7f;
	i++;

	if (in_len < i) /* no diag */
		return 0;

	if (in_len - (i-1) > 32) /* maximum 32 octets */
		return 0;

	/* octet 5-N */
	memcpy(cause->diag, lv + i, in_len - (i-1));
	cause->diag_len = in_len - (i-1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Cause IE (10.5.4.11)
 *  \param[out] msg Message Buffer to which to append IE
 *  \param[in] lv_only Encode as LV (1) or TLV (0)
 *  \param[in] cause Cause value to be encoded
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_encode_cause(struct msgb *msg, int lv_only,
			const struct gsm_mncc_cause *cause)
{
	uint8_t lv[32+4];
	int i;

	if (cause->diag_len > 32)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* octet 3 */
	lv[1] = cause->location;
	lv[1] |= cause->coding << 5;

	i = 1;
	if (cause->rec) {
		i++; /* octet 3a */
		lv[i] = cause->rec_val;
	}
	lv[i] |= 0x80; /* end of octet 3 */

	/* octet 4 */
	i++;
	lv[i] = 0x80 | cause->value;

	/* octet 5-N */
	if (cause->diag_len) {
		memcpy(lv + i, cause->diag, cause->diag_len);
		i += cause->diag_len;
	}

	lv[0] = i;
	if (lv_only)
		msgb_lv_put(msg, lv[0], lv+1);
	else
		msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_CAUSE, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Calling Number IE (10.5.4.9) */
int gsm48_decode_calling(struct gsm_mncc_number *calling,
			 const uint8_t *lv)
{
	return gsm48_decode_callerid(calling, lv);
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Calling Number IE (10.5.4.9) */
int gsm48_encode_calling(struct msgb *msg, 
			  const struct gsm_mncc_number *calling)
{
	return gsm48_encode_callerid(msg, GSM48_IE_CALLING_BCD, 14, calling);
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Connected Number IE (10.5.4.13) */
int gsm48_decode_connected(struct gsm_mncc_number *connected,
			 const uint8_t *lv)
{
	return gsm48_decode_callerid(connected, lv);
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Connected Number IE (10.5.4.13) */
int gsm48_encode_connected(struct msgb *msg,
			    const struct gsm_mncc_number *connected)
{
	return gsm48_encode_callerid(msg, GSM48_IE_CONN_BCD, 14, connected);
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Redirecting Number IE (10.5.4.21b) */
int gsm48_decode_redirecting(struct gsm_mncc_number *redirecting,
			 const uint8_t *lv)
{
	return gsm48_decode_callerid(redirecting, lv);
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Redirecting Number IE (10.5.4.21b) */
int gsm48_encode_redirecting(struct msgb *msg,
			      const struct gsm_mncc_number *redirecting)
{
	return gsm48_encode_callerid(msg, GSM48_IE_REDIR_BCD, 19, redirecting);
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Facility IE (10.5.4.15) */
int gsm48_decode_facility(struct gsm_mncc_facility *facility,
			   const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (in_len > sizeof(facility->info))
		return -EINVAL;

	memcpy(facility->info, lv+1, in_len);
	facility->len = in_len;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Facility IE (10.5.4.15) */
int gsm48_encode_facility(struct msgb *msg, int lv_only,
			   const struct gsm_mncc_facility *facility)
{
	uint8_t lv[GSM_MAX_FACILITY + 1];

	if (facility->len < 1 || facility->len > GSM_MAX_FACILITY)
		return -EINVAL;

	memcpy(lv+1, facility->info, facility->len);
	lv[0] = facility->len;
	if (lv_only)
		msgb_lv_put(msg, lv[0], lv+1);
	else
		msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_FACILITY, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Notify IE (10.5.4.20) */
int gsm48_decode_notify(int *notify, const uint8_t *v)
{
	*notify = v[0] & 0x7f;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Notify IE (10.5.4.20) */
int gsm48_encode_notify(struct msgb *msg, int notify)
{
	msgb_v_put(msg, notify | 0x80);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Signal IE (10.5.4.23) */
int gsm48_decode_signal(int *signal, const uint8_t *v)
{
	*signal = v[0];

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Signal IE (10.5.4.23) */
int gsm48_encode_signal(struct msgb *msg, int signal)
{
	msgb_tv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_SIGNAL, signal);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Keypad IE (10.5.4.17) */
int gsm48_decode_keypad(int *keypad, const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	*keypad = lv[1] & 0x7f;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Keypad IE (10.5.4.17) */
int gsm48_encode_keypad(struct msgb *msg, int keypad)
{
	msgb_tv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_KPD_FACILITY, keypad);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Progress IE (10.5.4.21) */
int gsm48_decode_progress(struct gsm_mncc_progress *progress,
			   const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 2)
		return -EINVAL;

	progress->coding = (lv[1] & 0x60) >> 5;
	progress->location = lv[1] & 0x0f;
	progress->descr = lv[2] & 0x7f;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 Progress IE (10.5.4.21) */
int gsm48_encode_progress(struct msgb *msg, int lv_only,
			   const struct gsm_mncc_progress *p)
{
	uint8_t lv[3];

	lv[0] = 2;
	lv[1] = 0x80 | ((p->coding & 0x3) << 5) | (p->location & 0xf);
	lv[2] = 0x80 | (p->descr & 0x7f);
	if (lv_only)
		msgb_lv_put(msg, lv[0], lv+1);
	else
		msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_PROGR_IND, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 User-User IE (10.5.4.25) */
int gsm48_decode_useruser(struct gsm_mncc_useruser *uu,
			   const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];
	char *info = uu->info;
	int info_len = sizeof(uu->info);
	int i;

	if (in_len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	uu->proto = lv[1];

	for (i = 2; i <= in_len; i++) {
		info_len--;
		if (info_len <= 1)
			break;
		*info++ = lv[i];
	}
	if (info_len >= 1)
		*info++ = '\0';

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 User-User IE (10.5.4.25) */
int gsm48_encode_useruser(struct msgb *msg, int lv_only,
			   const struct gsm_mncc_useruser *uu)
{
	uint8_t lv[GSM_MAX_USERUSER + 2];

	if (strlen(uu->info) > GSM_MAX_USERUSER)
		return -EINVAL;

	lv[0] = 1 + strlen(uu->info);
	lv[1] = uu->proto;
	memcpy(lv + 2, uu->info, strlen(uu->info));
	if (lv_only)
		msgb_lv_put(msg, lv[0], lv+1);
	else
		msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_USER_USER, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 SS Version IE (10.5.4.24) */
int gsm48_decode_ssversion(struct gsm_mncc_ssversion *ssv,
			    const uint8_t *lv)
{
	uint8_t in_len = lv[0];

	if (in_len < 1 || in_len < sizeof(ssv->info))
		return -EINVAL;

	memcpy(ssv->info, lv + 1, in_len);
	ssv->len = in_len;

	return 0;
}

/*! Encode TS 04.08 SS Version IE (10.5.4.24) */
int gsm48_encode_ssversion(struct msgb *msg,
			   const struct gsm_mncc_ssversion *ssv)
{
	uint8_t lv[GSM_MAX_SSVERSION + 1];

	if (ssv->len > GSM_MAX_SSVERSION)
		return -EINVAL;

	lv[0] = ssv->len;
	memcpy(lv + 1, ssv->info, ssv->len);
	msgb_tlv_put(msg, GSM48_IE_SS_VERS, lv[0], lv+1);

	return 0;
}

/* decode 'more data' does not require a function, because it has no value */

/*! Encode TS 04.08 More Data IE (10.5.4.19) */
int gsm48_encode_more(struct msgb *msg)
{
	uint8_t *ie;

	ie = msgb_put(msg, 1);
	ie[0] = GSM48_IE_MORE_DATA;

	return 0;
}

static int32_t smod(int32_t n, int32_t m)
{
	int32_t res;

	res = n % m;

	if (res <= 0)
		res += m;

	return res;
}

/*! Decode TS 04.08 Cell Channel Description IE (10.5.2.1b) and other frequency lists
 *  \param[out] f Caller-provided output memory
 *  \param[in] cd Cell Channel Description IE
 *  \param[in] len Length of \a cd in bytes
 *  \returns 0 on success; negative on error */
int gsm48_decode_freq_list(struct gsm_sysinfo_freq *f, uint8_t *cd,
			   uint8_t len, uint8_t mask, uint8_t frqt)
{
	int i;

	/* NOTES:
	 *
	 * The Range format uses "SMOD" computation.
	 * e.g. "n SMOD m" equals "((n - 1) % m) + 1"
	 * A cascade of multiple SMOD computations is simpified:
	 * "(n SMOD m) SMOD o" equals "(((n - 1) % m) % o) + 1"
	 *
	 * The Range format uses 16 octets of data in SYSTEM INFORMATION.
	 * When used in dedicated messages, the length can be less.
	 * In this case the ranges are decoded for all frequencies that
	 * fit in the block of given length.
	 */

	/* tabula rasa */
	for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++)
		f[i].mask &= ~frqt;

	/* 00..XXX. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xc0 & mask) == 0x00) {
		/* Bit map 0 format */
		if (len < 16)
			return -EINVAL;
		for (i = 1; i <= 124; i++)
			if ((cd[15 - ((i-1) >> 3)] & (1 << ((i-1) & 7))))
				f[i].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}

	/* 10..0XX. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xc8 & mask) == 0x80) {
		/* Range 1024 format */
		uint16_t w[17]; /* 1..16 */
		struct gsm48_range_1024 *r = (struct gsm48_range_1024 *)cd;

		if (len < 2)
			return -EINVAL;
		memset(w, 0, sizeof(w));
		if (r->f0)
			f[0].mask |= frqt;
		w[1] = (r->w1_hi << 8) | r->w1_lo;
		if (len >= 4)
			w[2] = (r->w2_hi << 1) | r->w2_lo;
		if (len >= 5)
			w[3] = (r->w3_hi << 2) | r->w3_lo;
		if (len >= 6)
			w[4] = (r->w4_hi << 2) | r->w4_lo;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[5] = (r->w5_hi << 2) | r->w5_lo;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[6] = (r->w6_hi << 2) | r->w6_lo;
		if (len >= 9)
			w[7] = (r->w7_hi << 2) | r->w7_lo;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[8] = (r->w8_hi << 1) | r->w8_lo;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[9] = r->w9;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[10] = r->w10;
		if (len >= 12)
			w[11] = (r->w11_hi << 6) | r->w11_lo;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[12] = (r->w12_hi << 5) | r->w12_lo;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[13] = (r->w13_hi << 4) | r->w13_lo;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[14] = (r->w14_hi << 3) | r->w14_lo;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[15] = (r->w15_hi << 2) | r->w15_lo;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[16] = r->w16;
		if (w[1])
			f[w[1]].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[2])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + w[2], 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[3])
			f[smod(w[1]       + w[3], 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[4])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2] - 256 + w[4], 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[5])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 256 + w[5], 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[6])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2]       + w[6], 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[7])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + w[7], 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[8])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2] - 256 + smod(w[4] - 128 + w[8] , 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[9])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 256 + smod(w[5] - 128 + w[9] , 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[10])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2]       + smod(w[6] - 128 + w[10], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[11])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + smod(w[7] - 128 + w[11], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[12])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2] - 256 + smod(w[4]       + w[12], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[13])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 256 + smod(w[5]       + w[13], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[14])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2]       + smod(w[6]       + w[14], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[15])
			f[smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + smod(w[7]       + w[15], 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[16])
			f[smod(w[1] - 512 + smod(w[2] - 256 + smod(w[4] - 128 + smod(w[8] - 64 + w[16], 127), 255), 511), 1023)].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}
	/* 10..100. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xce & mask) == 0x88) {
		/* Range 512 format */
		uint16_t w[18]; /* 1..17 */
		struct gsm48_range_512 *r = (struct gsm48_range_512 *)cd;

		if (len < 4)
			return -EINVAL;
		memset(w, 0, sizeof(w));
		w[0] = (r->orig_arfcn_hi << 9) | (r->orig_arfcn_mid << 1) | r->orig_arfcn_lo;
		w[1] = (r->w1_hi << 2) | r->w1_lo;
		if (len >= 5)
			w[2] = (r->w2_hi << 2) | r->w2_lo;
		if (len >= 6)
			w[3] = (r->w3_hi << 2) | r->w3_lo;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[4] = (r->w4_hi << 1) | r->w4_lo;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[5] = r->w5;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[6] = r->w6;
		if (len >= 9)
			w[7] = (r->w7_hi << 6) | r->w7_lo;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[8] = (r->w8_hi << 4) | r->w8_lo;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[9] = (r->w9_hi << 2) | r->w9_lo;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[10] = r->w10;
		if (len >= 12)
			w[11] = r->w11;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[12] = (r->w12_hi << 4) | r->w12_lo;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[13] = (r->w13_hi << 2) | r->w13_lo;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[14] = r->w14;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[15] = r->w15;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[16] = (r->w16_hi << 3) | r->w16_lo;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[17] = r->w17;
		f[w[0]].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[1])
			f[(w[0] + w[1]) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[2])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + w[2], 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[3])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + w[3], 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[4])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2] - 128 + w[4], 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[5])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 128 + w[5], 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[6])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2]       + w[6], 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[7])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + w[7], 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[8])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2] - 128 + smod(w[4] - 64 + w[8] , 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[9])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 128 + smod(w[5] - 64 + w[9] , 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[10])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2]       + smod(w[6] - 64 + w[10], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[11])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + smod(w[7] - 64 + w[11], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[12])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2] - 128 + smod(w[4]      + w[12], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[13])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 128 + smod(w[5]      + w[13], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[14])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2]       + smod(w[6]      + w[14], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[15])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]       + smod(w[7]      + w[15], 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[16])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 256 + smod(w[2] - 128 + smod(w[4] - 64 + smod(w[8] - 32 + w[16], 63), 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[17])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 128 + smod(w[5] - 64 + smod(w[9] - 32 + w[17], 63), 127), 255), 511)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}
	/* 10..101. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xce & mask) == 0x8a) {
		/* Range 256 format */
		uint16_t w[22]; /* 1..21 */
		struct gsm48_range_256 *r = (struct gsm48_range_256 *)cd;

		if (len < 4)
			return -EINVAL;
		memset(w, 0, sizeof(w));
		w[0] = (r->orig_arfcn_hi << 9) | (r->orig_arfcn_mid << 1) | r->orig_arfcn_lo;
		w[1] = (r->w1_hi << 1) | r->w1_lo;
		if (len >= 4)
			w[2] = r->w2;
		if (len >= 5)
			w[3] = r->w3;
		if (len >= 6)
			w[4] = (r->w4_hi << 5) | r->w4_lo;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[5] = (r->w5_hi << 3) | r->w5_lo;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[6] = (r->w6_hi << 1) | r->w6_lo;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[7] = r->w7;
		if (len >= 9)
			w[8] = (r->w8_hi << 4) | r->w8_lo;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[9] = (r->w9_hi << 1) | r->w9_lo;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[10] = r->w10;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[11] = (r->w11_hi << 3) | r->w11_lo;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[12] = r->w12;
		if (len >= 12)
			w[13] = r->w13;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[14] = (r->w14_hi << 2) | r->w14_lo;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[15] = r->w15;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[16] = (r->w16_hi << 3) | r->w16_lo;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[17] = r->w17;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[18] = (r->w18_hi << 3) | r->w18_lo;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[19] = r->w19;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[20] = (r->w20_hi << 3) | r->w20_lo;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[21] = r->w21;
		f[w[0]].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[1])
			f[(w[0] + w[1]) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[2])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + w[2], 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[3])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + w[3], 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[4])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2] - 64 + w[4], 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[5])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 64 + w[5], 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[6])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2]      + w[6], 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[7])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]      + w[7], 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[8])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2] - 64 + smod(w[4] - 32 + w[8] , 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[9])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 64 + smod(w[5] - 32 + w[9] , 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[10])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6] - 32 + w[10], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[11])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7] - 32 + w[11], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[12])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2] - 64 + smod(w[4]      + w[12], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[13])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 64 + smod(w[5]      + w[13], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[14])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6]      + w[14], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[15])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7]      + w[15], 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[16])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2] - 64 + smod(w[4] - 32 + smod(w[8]  - 16 + w[16], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[17])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 64 + smod(w[5] - 32 + smod(w[9]  - 16 + w[17], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[18])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6] - 32 + smod(w[10] - 16 + w[18], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[19])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7] - 32 + smod(w[11] - 16 + w[19], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[20])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 128 + smod(w[2] - 64 + smod(w[4]      + smod(w[12] - 16 + w[20], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[21])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]       + smod(w[3] - 64 + smod(w[5]      + smod(w[13] - 16 + w[21], 31), 63), 127), 255)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}
	/* 10..110. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xce & mask) == 0x8c) {
		/* Range 128 format */
		uint16_t w[29]; /* 1..28 */
		struct gsm48_range_128 *r = (struct gsm48_range_128 *)cd;

		if (len < 3)
			return -EINVAL;
		memset(w, 0, sizeof(w));
		w[0] = (r->orig_arfcn_hi << 9) | (r->orig_arfcn_mid << 1) | r->orig_arfcn_lo;
		w[1] = r->w1;
		if (len >= 4)
			w[2] = r->w2;
		if (len >= 5)
			w[3] = (r->w3_hi << 4) | r->w3_lo;
		if (len >= 6)
			w[4] = (r->w4_hi << 1) | r->w4_lo;
		if (len >= 6)
			w[5] = r->w5;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[6] = (r->w6_hi << 3) | r->w6_lo;
		if (len >= 7)
			w[7] = r->w7;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[8] = r->w8;
		if (len >= 8)
			w[9] = r->w9;
		if (len >= 9)
			w[10] = r->w10;
		if (len >= 9)
			w[11] = r->w11;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[12] = r->w12;
		if (len >= 10)
			w[13] = r->w13;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[14] = r->w14;
		if (len >= 11)
			w[15] = r->w15;
		if (len >= 12)
			w[16] = r->w16;
		if (len >= 12)
			w[17] = r->w17;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[18] = (r->w18_hi << 1) | r->w18_lo;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[19] = r->w19;
		if (len >= 13)
			w[20] = r->w20;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[21] = (r->w21_hi << 2) | r->w21_lo;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[22] = r->w22;
		if (len >= 14)
			w[23] = r->w23;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[24] = r->w24;
		if (len >= 15)
			w[25] = r->w25;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[26] = (r->w26_hi << 1) | r->w26_lo;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[27] = r->w27;
		if (len >= 16)
			w[28] = r->w28;
		f[w[0]].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[1])
			f[(w[0] + w[1]) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[2])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + w[2], 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[3])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + w[3], 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[4])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + w[4], 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[5])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + w[5], 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[6])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + w[6], 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[7])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + w[7], 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[8])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4] - 16 + w[8] , 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[9])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + smod(w[5] - 16 + w[9] , 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[10])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6] - 16 + w[10], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[11])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7] - 16 + w[11], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[12])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4]      + w[12], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[13])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + smod(w[5]      + w[13], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[14])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6]      + w[14], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[15])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7]      + w[15], 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[16])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4] - 16 + smod(w[8]  - 8 + w[16], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[17])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + smod(w[5] - 16 + smod(w[9]  - 8 + w[17], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[18])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6] - 16 + smod(w[10] - 8 + w[18], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[19])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7] - 16 + smod(w[11] - 8 + w[19], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[20])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4]      + smod(w[12] - 8 + w[20], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[21])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + smod(w[5]      + smod(w[13] - 8 + w[21], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[22])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6]      + smod(w[14] - 8 + w[22], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[23])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7]      + smod(w[15] - 8 + w[23], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[24])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4] - 16 + smod(w[8]      + w[24], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[25])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3] - 32 + smod(w[5] - 16 + smod(w[9]      + w[25], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[26])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2]      + smod(w[6] - 16 + smod(w[10]     + w[26], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[27])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1]      + smod(w[3]      + smod(w[7] - 16 + smod(w[11]     + w[27], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;
		if (w[28])
			f[(w[0] + smod(w[1] - 64 + smod(w[2] - 32 + smod(w[4]      + smod(w[12]     + w[28], 15), 31), 63), 127)) % 1024].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}
	/* 10..111. */
	if ((cd[0] & 0xce & mask) == 0x8e) {
		/* Variable bitmap format (can be any length >= 3) */
		uint16_t orig = 0;
		struct gsm48_var_bit *r = (struct gsm48_var_bit *)cd;

		if (len < 3)
			return -EINVAL;
		orig = (r->orig_arfcn_hi << 9) | (r->orig_arfcn_mid << 1) | r->orig_arfcn_lo;
		f[orig].mask |= frqt;
		for (i = 1; 2 + (i >> 3) < len; i++)
			if ((cd[2 + (i >> 3)] & (0x80 >> (i & 7))))
				f[(orig + i) % 1024].mask |= frqt;

		return 0;
	}

	return 0;
}
/*! @} */